{
  "type": "wiki",
  "pronunciations": {
    "phonetic": [
      "\u02c8f\u0254rtr\u0259s"
    ],
    "listenurl": [
      {
        "lang": "Audio (US)",
        "url": "/var/www/html/blab/dic/audio/us/fortress.mp3"
      },
      {
        "lang": "Audio (US)",
        "url": "/var/www/html/blab/dic/audio/us/fortress.ogg"
      }
    ]
  },
  "meansorg": {
    "etymologies": [
      "Early 14 c., from Old French forteresce, forteresse, forterece (\u201cstrong place, fortification\u201d), variant of fortelesse, from Medieval Latin fortalitia, from Latin fortis (\u201cstrong\u201d) (see fort) + -itia, added to adjectives to form nouns of quality or condition. French -ess, from Latin -itia is also in words such as duress, largesse and riches. For change of medial -l- to -r- in Old French, compare orne (\u201celm\u201d) from ulmus; chartre from cartula and chapitre from capitulum. First attested in the from 12th century."
    ],
    "typelist": [
      {
        "name": "Noun",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "A fortified place; a large and permanent fortification, sometimes including a town; for example a fort, a castle; a stronghold; a place of defense or security.\n1981,  William Irwin Thompson,  The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 160:Like the Mesolithic age of 10,000-8000 B.C., the period 6000-4000 B.C. seems to be one of the fall of fortresses and the rise of pastoral nomadism."
          },
          {
            "mean": "(chess) A position that, if obtained by the weaker side, will prevent penetration by the opposing side, generally achieving a draw."
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "Verb",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "(transitive) To furnish with a fortress or with fortresses; to guard, to fortify.\n1594,  William Shakespeare,  Lucrece (First Quarto)\u200e, London:    Richard Field, for Iohn Harrison,\u00a0, \u2192OCLC:Honour and Beautie in the owners armes, / Are weaklie fortre\u017ft from a world of harmes."
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "meanskor": {
    "etymologies": [
      "\uae30\uc6d0\uc804 14\ub144 \ucd08, \uace0\ub300 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc758 \uc694\uc0c8, \uc694\uc0c8, \uc694\uc0c8, \uc694\uc0c8\uc758 \ubcc0\ud615, \uc911\uc138 \ub77c\ud2f4\uc5b4 \ud3ec\ub974\ud0c8\ub9ac\ud2f0\uc544, \ub77c\ud2f4\uc5b4 \ud3ec\ub974\ud2f0\uc2a4(\uc131\uacfd \ucc38\uc870) + -itia\uc5d0\uc11c \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub354\ud574 \ud488\uc9c8\uc774\ub098 \uc870\uac74\uc758 \uba85\uc0ac\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub77c\ud2f4\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc628 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4 - ess\ub294 \ub610\ud55c \uac15\uc694, \ub77c\uc9c0\uc138, \ubd80\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ub2e8\uc5b4\uc774\ub2e4. \uace0\ub300 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4\uc758 \uc911\uac04 -l-\uc5d0\uc11c -r-\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\ub824\uba74, \uc6b8\ubb34\uc2a4\uc758 \uc624\ub974\ub124(\ub290\ub984)\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud558\uace0, \uce74\ub974\ud234\ub77c\uc758 \ucc28\ub974\uc640 \uc218\ub3c4\uc6d0\uc758 \ucc28\ud2b8\ub974\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud558\ub77c. 12\uc138\uae30\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \uc99d\uba85\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4."
    ],
    "typelist": [
      {
        "name": "\uba85\uc0ac",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "\uc694\uc0c8\ud654\ub41c \uc7a5\uc18c; \ub54c\ub54c\ub85c \ub9c8\uc744\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \ud06c\uace0 \uc601\uad6c\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc0c8; \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc694\uc0c8, \uc131; \uc694\uc0c8; \ubc29\uc5b4 \ub610\ub294 \ubcf4\uc548\uc758 \uc7a5\uc18c.\n1981, \uc70c\ub9ac\uc5c4 \uc5b4\uc708 \ud1b0\uc2a8, \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \ud758\ub7ec\uac00\ub294 \ubab8\ub4e4\uc774 \ube5b\uc744 \ubc1c\ud558\ub2e4: \uc2e0\ud654, \uc139\uc288\uc5bc\ub9ac\ud2f0 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubb38\ud654\uc758 \uae30\uc6d0, \ub7f0\ub358: \ub77c\uc774\ub354/\ud5c8\uce5c\uc2a8 & Co., 160\ud398\uc774\uc9c0:\uae30\uc6d0\uc804 1\ub9cc~8000\ub144\uc758 \uc911\uc11d\uae30 \uc2dc\ub300\uc640 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uae30\uc6d0\uc804 6000~4000\ub144\uc740 \uc694\uc0c8\uc758 \ud568\ub77d\uacfc \ubaa9\ucd95 \uc720\ubaa9\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \ubc1c\ud765 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4."
          },
          {
            "mean": "(\uccb4\uc2a4) \uc57d\ud55c \ucabd\uc774 \uc5bb\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc0c1\ub300\ud3b8\uc758 \uce68\ud22c\ub97c \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\uc5ec \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubb34\uc2b9\ubd80\ub97c \ub2ec\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc704\uce58."
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "\ub3d9\uc0ac.",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "(\uc804\ud658) \uc694\uc0c8 \ub610\ub294 \uc694\uc0c8\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4; \ubc29\uc5b4\ud558\uace0, \uac15\ud654\ud55c\ub2e4.\n1594\ub144, \uc70c\ub9ac\uc5c4 \uc170\uc775\uc2a4\ud53c\uc5b4, \ub8e8\ud06c\ub808(\uc81c1\uc0ac\uc911\uc8fc), \ub7f0\ub358:    Richard Field, Ion Harrison, , \u2192OCLC:\uc8fc\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uad70\ub300\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uba85\uc608\uc640 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0, / \uc545\uc758 \uc138\uacc4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uad6c\uc6d0\ubc1b\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc57d\ud55c \uac70\uc9d3\ub9d0."
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}