{
  "type": "wiki",
  "pronunciations": {
    "phonetic": [
      "\u02c8m\u0259r\u02a7\u0259n\u02ccda\u026az\u026a\u014b"
    ],
    "listenurl": [
      {
        "lang": "Audio (Southern England)",
        "url": ""
      },
      {
        "lang": "Audio (Southern England)",
        "url": ""
      },
      {
        "lang": "Audio (Southern England)",
        "url": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  "meansorg": {
    "etymologies": [
      "From Late Middle English marchaundising (\u201ccommerce, trading; commodities, goods; (plural) dealings with other persons\u201d),1 from marchaundisen (\u201cto engage in commerce, traffic\u201d)2 (see further at merchandise (verb)) + -ing (suffix forming gerunds).3 The English word is analysable as merchandise + -ing (suffix forming nouns from verbs).4"
    ],
    "typelist": [
      {
        "name": "Noun",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "(also attributively) gerund of merchandise",
            "submean": [
              "(archaic) Trade in merchandise.\n1616,  Iohn Smith ,  A Description of New England:\u00a0, London:    Humfrey Lownes, for Robert Clerke;\u00a0, \u2192OCLC, page 34:May not the mi\u017ferable ruine of Con\u017ftantinople, their impregnable vvalles, riches, and plea\u017fures la\u017ft taken by the Turke (vvhich are but a bit, in compari\u017fon of their novv mightines) remember vs, of the effects of priuate couetou\u017fne\u017fs?    His  pouertie vvhen the Turke be\u017feiged, the citizens (vvho\u017fe marchandizing thoughts vvere onely to get vvealth, little conceiuing the de\u017fperate re\u017folution of a valiant expert enemy) left the Emp \u017fo long to his conclu\u017fions, hauing \u017fpent all he had to pay his young, ravv, di\u017fcontented Souldiers; that \u017fodainly he, they, and their citie vvere all a prey to the deuouring Turke.\n1625,  Francis ,  \u201cOf Usurie. XLI.\u201d, in  The Essayes\u00a0, 3rd edition, London:    Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, \u2192OCLC, page 240:The Di\u017fcommodities of V\u017fury are: Fir\u017ft, that it makes fevver Merchants. For vvere it not, for this Lazie Trade of V\u017fury, Money vvould not lie \u017ftill, but vvould, in great Part, be Imployed vpon Merchandizing; VVhich is the Vena Porta of VVealth in a State.\n1769,  William Blackstone,  \u201cOf Offences against God and Religion\u201d, in  Commentaries on the Laws of England, book IV (Of Public Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire:    Clarendon Press, \u2192OCLC, page 63:Profanation of the lord's day, or \u017fabbath-breaking, is a ninth offence again\u017ft God and religion, puni\u017fhed by the municipal lavvs of England.    And therefore the lavvs of king Athel\u017ftan forbad all merchandizing on the lord's day, under very \u017fevere penalties.\n1840 May 8\u200b,  Thomas Carlyle,  \u201cLecture II. The Hero as Prophet. Mahomet: Islam.\u201d, in  On Heroes, Hero-Worship and The Heroic in History, London: Chapman and Hall,\u00a0, published 1840, \u2192OCLC, pages 44\u201345: Ocadh, in the South of Arabia, there were yearly fairs, and there, when the merchandising was done, Poets sang for prizes:\u2014the wild people gathered to hear that.\n1868,  Robert Browning,  \u201cI. The Ring and the Book.\u201d, in  The Ring and the Book.\u00a0, volume I, London: Smith, Elder and Co., \u2192OCLC, lines 898\u2013903, page 47:he old Triton, at his fountain-sport, / Bernini's creature plated to the paps, / Puffs up steel sleet which breaks to diamond dust, / A spray of sparkles snorted from his conch, / High over the caritellas, out o' the way / O' the motley merchandizing multitude.",
              "(originally US) The promotion of goods for sale in a store, especially through advertising, attractive displays, discounts, etc.; also (generally), the promotion of any goods or services for sale.\nSynonym: marketing\n1922,  Sinclair Lewis,  chapter XXVII, in  Babbitt, New York, N.Y.: Harcourt, Brace and Company, \u2192OCLC, section V, page 318:Now, these strikers: Honest, they're not such bad people. Just foolish. They don't understand the complications of merchandizing and profit, the way we businessmen do, but sometimes I think they're about like the rest of us, and no more hogs for wages than we are for profits.\n2009 February 27,  Steven Heller,  \u201cNoel Martin, inventive catalog designer, dies at 86\u201d, in  The New York Times\u200e, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, \u2192ISSN, \u2192OCLC, archived from the original on 8 February 2022:With the ubiquitous branding and expert merchandizing of museums today, it is easy to forget that graphic design was once a low priority for them.",
              "(specifically) The promotion of a film, music group, theatre production, etc., through the sale of goods bearing motifs associated with the subject being promoted; also, such goods themselves collectively; merchandise."
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "Verb",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "present participle of merchandise"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "References",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "^  \u201cmarchaund\u012bsing(e, ger.\u201d, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich. University of Michigan, 2007.\n\n ^  \u201cmarchaund\u012bsen, v.\u201d, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich. University of Michigan, 2007.\n\n ^  \u201c-ing(e, suf.(1)\u201d, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich. University of Michigan, 2007.\n\n ^  \u201cmerchandising, n.\u201d, inOED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire Oxford University Press, March 2022; \u201cmerchandising, n.\u201d, inLexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019\u20132022."
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "Further_reading",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "merchandising on  Wikipedia.Wikipedia"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "Anagrams",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "disencharming"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "meanskor": {
    "etymologies": [
      "\uc911\uc138 \ud6c4\uae30 \uc601\uc5b4 \ud589\uc9c4\uace1(\uc0c1\uc5c5, \ubb34\uc5ed, \uc0c1\ud488, \uc0c1\ud488, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \uac70\ub798), 1 \ud589\uc9c4\uace1(\uc0c1\uc5c5, \uad50\ud1b5\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574)2(\uc0c1\ud488(\ub3d9\uc0ac) + -ing(\ub3d9\uc0ac\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc811\ubbf8\uc0ac)3 \uc601\uc5b4 \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub294 merchandise + -ing(\ub3d9\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uba85\uc0ac\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc811\ubbf8\uc0ac)\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4"
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            "submean": [
              "\uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uac70\ub798\ud558\ub2e4.\n1616\ub144, \uc544\uc774\uc628 \uc2a4\ubbf8\uc2a4, \ub274\uc789\uae00\ub79c\ub4dc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc124\uba85: , \ub7f0\ub358:    \ub85c\ubc84\ud2b8 \ud074\ub808\ub974\ucf00\uc758 \ud5d8\ud504\ub9ac \ub85c\ub124\uc2a4; , \u2192OCLC, 34\ud398\uc774\uc9c0: \ud22c\ub974\ud06c\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ube7c\uc557\uae34 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \ube44\ucc38\ud55c \ud3d0\ud5c8, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \ub09c\uacf5\ubd88\ub77d\uc758 \uacc4\uace1, \ubd80, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ucf8c\ub77d\uc758 \ub77c\ud2b8(vh\ub294 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud798\uc5d0 \ube44\ud558\uba74 \uc57d\uac04\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\ub2e4) \ub300 \ucfe0\uc5d0\ud22c\ub124\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uae30\uc5b5\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744\uae4c?    \ud130\ud0a4\uac00 \uc810\ub839\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \ub54c, \uc2dc\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc740 (\uc6a9\uac10\ud55c \uc804\ubb38\uc801\uc778 \uc801\uc758 \ud544\uc0ac\uc801\uc778 \ud574\uacb0\uc744 \uac70\uc758 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc6a9\uae30\ub97c \uc5bb\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud589\uc9c4\ud558\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uac83) \uc81c\uad6d\uc744 \uc624\ub798\ub3c4\ub85d \ub0b4\ubc84\ub824\ub450\uc5c8\uace0, \uadf8\uc758 \uacb0\ub860\uc740 \uadf8\uc758 \uc5b4\ub9b0, \ub77c\ube0c, \ubd88\ub9cc\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc6b8\ub514\uc5d0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c0\ubd88\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud588\ub2e4, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub294 \uc720\ud639\ud558\ub294 \ud130\ud0a4\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uba39\uc774\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4.\n1625\ub144, \ud504\ub780\uc2dc\uc2a4, Of Usurie. XLI, The Essayes 3\ud310, \ub7f0\ub358:    Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, \u2192OCLC, 240\ud398\uc774\uc9c0:\ubd80\uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ub514 \uc0c1\ud488\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4: \uccab\uc9f8, \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc0c1\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \uc5f4\ub098\uac8c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc808\ub300\ub85c, \uc774 \ubd80\uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ub77c\uc9c0 \ubb34\uc5ed\uc744 \uc704\ud574, \uba38\ub2c8vv\ub294 \u017f\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc788\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0\uc11c, vv\ub294 \uace0\uc6a9\ub41c vpon \uba38\ucc9c\ub2e4\uc774\uc9d5; VVh\ub294 \ud55c \uc8fc\uc5d0\uc11c VVales\uc758 Vena Porta\uc774\ub2e4.\n1769\ub144, \uc70c\ub9ac\uc5c4 \ube14\ub799\uc2a4\ud1a4, \uc2e0\uacfc \uc885\uad50\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc8c4, \uc601\uad6d \ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub17c\ud3c9, \uc81c4\uad8c (\uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc798\ubabb\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c), \uc625\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub4dc, \uc625\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub4dc\uc154: \ud074\ub77c\ub80c\ub358 \ucd9c\ud310\uc0ac, \u2192OCLC, 63\ud398\uc774\uc9c0:\uc601\uc8fc\uc758 \ub0a0\uc744 \ubaa8\ub3c5\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc2e0\uacfc \uc885\uad50\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc544\ud649 \ubc88\uc9f8 \ubc94\uc8c4\uc774\uba70, \uc789\uae00\ub79c\ub4dc\uc758 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc790\uce58\ub2e8\uccb4 \ub77c\ube0c\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ucc98\ubc8c\ub41c\ub2e4.    \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \uc544\ub378\ub9ac\ud0c4 \uc655\uc758 \ub77c\ube0c\ub294 \uc8fc\ub2d8\uc758 \ub0a0\uc5d0 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \ud310\ub9e4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uae08\uc9c0\ud558\uc600\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uac00\ud639\ud55c \ud615\ubc8c\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.\n1840\ub144 5\uc6d4 8\uc77c \ud1a0\ub9c8\uc2a4 \uce7c\ub77c\uc77c \uac15\uc758 II. \uc608\uc5b8\uc790\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc601\uc6c5. \ub9c8\ud638\uba54\ud2b8: \uc774\uc2ac\ub78c, \uc628 \ud788\uc5b4\ub85c\uc988, \ud788\uc5b4\ub85c-\uc6cc\uc2ed, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc5ed\uc0ac \uc18d \uc601\uc6c5, \ub7f0\ub358: \ucc44\ud504\uba3c\uacfc \ud640(Chapman and Hall), 1840\ub144 \ucd9c\ud310, \u2192OCLC, 44~45\ucabd: \uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544 \ub0a8\ubd80\uc758 Ocadh\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub9e4\ub144 \ubc15\ub78c\ud68c\uac00 \uc5f4\ub838\uace0, \uadf8\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0c1\ud488 \ud310\ub9e4\uac00 \ub05d\ub0ac\uc744 \ub54c, Poets\ub294 \uc0c1\uc744 \ubc1b\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub178\ub798\ub97c \ubd88\ub800\ub2e4:-\uc57c\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uadf8 \ub9d0\uc744 \ub4e3\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ubaa8\uc600\ub2e4.\n1868\ub144 \ub85c\ubc84\ud2b8 \ube0c\ub77c\uc6b0\ub2dd, I. \ubc18\uc9c0\uc640 \ucc45., \ubc18\uc9c0\uc640 \ucc45., 1\uad8c, \ub7f0\ub358: \uc2a4\ubbf8\uc2a4, \uc5d8\ub354\uc640 \ud68c\uc0ac, \u2192OCLC, 898-903\ud589, 47\ud398\uc774\uc9c0: \uadf8\uc758 \ubd84\uc218 \uc2a4\ud3ec\uce20\uc5d0\uc11c \ub299\uc740 \ud2b8\ub9ac\ud1a4, / \ubca0\ub974\ub2c8\ub2c8\uc758 \uc0dd\uba85\uccb4\uac00 \uc218\ub3c4\uaf2d\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uae08\ub41c, / \ub2e4\uc774\uc544\ubaac\ub4dc \uba3c\uc9c0\ub85c \ubd80\uc11c\uc9c0\ub294 \uac15\ucca0 \ub208\ubcf4\ub77c, / \uadf8\uc758 \ucf58\uce58\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc18\uc9dd\uc784\uc774 \ucf54\ub97c \ud6cc\uca4d\uc774\uba70 / \ub192\uc740 \uce7c\ub77c\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8 \uc704\ub85c, \uc624, \uc7a1\ub3d9\uc0ac\ub2c8\ub97c \ud30c\ub294 \uad70\uc911\ub4e4.",
              "(\uc6d0\ub798\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d) \ud2b9\ud788 \uad11\uace0, \ub9e4\ub825\uc801\uc778 \uc804\uc2dc, \ud560\uc778 \ub4f1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0c1\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ud310\ub9e4\ub418\ub294 \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \ud310\ucd09; \ub610\ud55c (\uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c) \ud310\ub9e4\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc0c1\ud488 \ub610\ub294 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc758 \ud310\ucd09.\n\ub3d9\uc758\uc5b4: \ub9c8\ucf00\ud305\n1922, Sinclair Lewis, 24\uc7a5 \ub274\uc695 \ubc14\ube44\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c: Harcourt, Brace and Company, \u2192OCLC, \uc139\uc158 V, 318\ud398\uc774\uc9c0:\uc790, \uc774 \uacf5\uaca9\uc218\ub4e4\uc740: \uc194\uc9c1\ud788, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \ub098\uc05c \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc57c. \ubc14\ubcf4\uac19\ub124\uc694. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0c1\ud488\ud654\uc640 \uc774\uc775\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc5c5\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \ud558\ub294 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ub9d0\uc774\uc8e0. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub54c\ub54c\ub85c \uc800\ub294 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc774 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc640 \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ub3fc\uc9c0\ub294 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n2009\ub144 2\uc6d4 27\uc77c \ub274\uc695, \ub274\uc695, \ub274\uc695 \ud0c0\uc784\uc988\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc3d\uc758\uc801\uc778 \uce74\ud0c8\ub85c\uadf8 \ub514\uc790\uc774\ub108\uc778 \ub178\uc5d8 \ub9c8\ud2f4\uc774 86\uc138\uc758 \ub098\uc774\ub85c \uc0ac\ub9dd\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub274\uc695 \ud0c0\uc784\uc988\uc0ac, \u2192ISSN, \u2192OCLC, 2022\ub144 2\uc6d4 8\uc77c\uc790\ub85c \uc6d0\ubcf8\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uad00:\uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc5b4\ub514\uc11c\ub098 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubc15\ubb3c\uad00\uc758 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\ud654\uc640 \uc804\ubb38\uc801\uc778 \uc0c1\ud488\ud654\ub85c, \uadf8\ub798\ud53d \ub514\uc790\uc778\uc774 \ud55c\ub54c \uadf8\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub0ae\uc740 \uc6b0\uc120\uc21c\uc704\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc78a\uae30 \uc27d\ub2e4.",
              "(\uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c) \uc601\ud654, \uc74c\uc545 \uadf8\ub8f9, \uc5f0\uadf9 \uc81c\uc791 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc9c4\ud765 \ub300\uc0c1\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ubaa8\ud2f0\ube0c\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \ud310\ub9e4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud55c \ucd09\uc9c4; \ub610\ud55c \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud488 \uc790\uccb4; \uc0c1\ud488."
            ]
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        "name": "\ub3d9\uc0ac.",
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          }
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      {
        "name": "\ub808\ud37c\ub7f0\uc2a4",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "^  march und\u012bsing (\uc608, MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.). \ubbf8\uc2dc\uac04 \ub300\ud559\uad50, 2007.\n\n ^  marchaund\u012bsen, v., med online, Ann Arbor, Michi. \ubbf8\uc2dc\uac04 \ub300\ud559\uad50, 2007.\n\n ^  -ing(e, suf.(1), MED Online, Ann Arbor, Michi. \ubbf8\uc2dc\uac04 \ub300\ud559\uad50, 2007.\n\n ^  \uba38\ucc9c\ub2e4\uc774\uc9d5, \uc625\uc2a4\ud37c\ub4dc \uc628\ub77c\uc778, \uc625\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub4dc, \uc625\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub4dc\uc154 \uc625\uc2a4\ud37c\ub4dc \ub300\ud559\uad50 \ucd9c\ud310\ubd80, 2022\ub144 3\uc6d4, \uba38\ucc9c\ub2e4\uc774\uc9d5, \ub809\uc2dc\ucf54, Dictionary.com ; \uc625\uc2a4\ud37c\ub4dc \ub300\ud559\uad50 \ucd9c\ud310\ubd80, 2019-1920."
          }
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      {
        "name": "\ucd94\uac00_\ud310\ub3c5",
        "meanlist": [
          {
            "mean": "\uc704\ud0a4\ud53c\ub514\uc544\uc758 \uc0c1\ud488\ud654.\uc704\ud0a4\ubc31\uacfc"
          }
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      {
        "name": "\uc544\ub098\uadf8\ub7a8",
        "meanlist": [
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            "mean": "\ubb34\ud574\ud55c"
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}