{
  "dictype": "WikiDicScrap",
  "error": false,
  "code": 200,
  "json": {
    "type": "wiki",
    "pronunciations": {
      "phonetic": [
        "ˈʃoʊldər"
      ],
      "imgurl": [
        "/var/www/html/blab/dic/img/shoulder.jpg"
      ],
      "listenurl": [
        {
          "lang": "Audio (US)",
          "url": "/var/www/html/blab/dic/audio/us/shoulder.ogg"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Audio (US)",
          "url": "/var/www/html/blab/dic/audio/us/shoulder.mp3"
        }
      ]
    },
    "meansorg": {
      "etymologies": [
        "From Middle English schuldre, sholder, shulder, schulder, from Old English sculdra, sculdor (“shoulder”), from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru (“shoulder”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”), see shield. Cognate with Old Frisian skuldere (“shoulder”) (West Frisian skouder (“shoulder”)), Middle Low German scholder (“shoulder”), Low German Schuller (“shoulder”), Dutch schouder (“shoulder”), German Schulter (“shoulder”)."
      ],
      "typelist": [
        {
          "name": "Noun",
          "meanlist": [
            {
              "mean": "The part of an animal's body between the base of the neck and forearm socket.",
              "submean": [
                "The part of the human torso forming a relatively horizontal surface running away from the neck.\nThe parrot was sitting on Steve's shoulder.\n1879,  R J,  “The First Gun”, in  The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., , →OCLC, page 4:But then I had the flintlock by me for protection. ¶ There were giants in the days when that gun was made; for surely no modern mortal could have held that mass of metal steady to his shoulder. The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window .\n1910,  Emerson Hough,  “A Lady in Company”, in  The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:With just the turn of a shoulder she indicated the water front, where, at the end of the dock on which they stood, lay the good ship, Mount Vernon, river packet, the black smoke already pouring from her stacks. In turn he smiled and also shrugged a shoulder.",
                "(anatomy) The joint between the arm and the torso, sometimes including the surrounding muscles, tendons, and ligaments.",
                "A cut of meat comprising the upper joint of the foreleg and the surrounding muscle.",
                "The portion of a garment where the shoulder is clothed."
              ]
            },
            {
              "mean": "Anything forming a shape resembling a human shoulder."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(topography) A shelf between two levels.",
              "submean": [
                "A usually unsealed strip of land bordering a road, where vehicles can drive or park in an emergency.\nHe stopped the car on the shoulder of the highway to change the flat tire.\n2000,  Bob Foster,  Birdum or Bust!, Henley Beach, SA: Seaview Press, page 129:The shoulders are graded and the verges cleared well back to lessen the chances of hitting stray stock.",
                "The portion of a hill or mountain just below the peak.\n1818 July 25,  Jedadiah Cleishbotham ,  chapter III, in  Tales of My Landlord, Second Series,  (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh:     for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 57: the north-western shoulder of the mountain ",
                "A lateral protrusion of a hill or mountain.",
                "The angle of a bastion included between the face and flank.",
                "An abrupt projection which forms an abutment on an object, or limits motion, etc., such as the projection around a tenon at the end of a piece of timber."
              ]
            },
            {
              "mean": "(printing) The flat portion of type that is below the bevelled portion that joins up with the face."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(of an object) The portion between the neck and the body.",
              "submean": [
                "(music) The rounded portion of a stringed instrument where the neck joins the body.",
                "The rounded portion of a bottle where the neck meets the body.",
                "(firearms) The angled section between the neck and the main body of a cartridge."
              ]
            },
            {
              "mean": "(figurative) That which supports or sustains; support.\nc. 1591–1592 (date written),  William Shakespeare,  “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, ”, in  Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies  (First Folio), London:    Isaac Iaggard, and Ed Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, , page 158, column 1:passage  in thy ſhoulder do I builde my Seate;"
            },
            {
              "mean": "The part of a key between the cuts and the bow.Parts of a Yale lock-type key"
            },
            {
              "mean": "(surfing) The part of a wave that has not yet broken.\nSynonym: hook"
            },
            {
              "mean": "(aviation) A season or a time of day when there is relatively little air traffic.\nCoordinate term: noon balloon\n1976, Trade and Industry (volume 25, page 270)\nFor a round-trip journey starting from the UK during the shoulder period (1 April-30 June)   \n2003, Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Noise as a Public Health Problem (Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 29 June-3 July 2003) (page 184)\nthe determination of noise-induced disturbances during the shoulder hours and their consequences for the consecutive sleep period"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "Verb",
          "meanlist": [
            {
              "mean": "(transitive) To push (a person or thing) using one's shoulder.\n1590,  Edmund Spenser,  “Book I, Canto XI”, in  The Faerie Queene. , London:     for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 21, page 160: As they the earth would ſhoulder from her ſeat, \n1714, Nicholas Rowe, The Tragedy of Jane Shore\nAround her numberless the rabble flowed, / Shouldering each other, crowding for a view."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(transitive) To put (something) on one's shoulders.\n1922, A. M. Chisholm, A Thousand a Plate\nEarly in the morning they shouldered light packs, took their rifles, crossed the big draw, and entered the timber where was the deadfall.\n2008 June,  Men's Health,  The World's Simplest Workout, volume 23, number 5, page 120:Like a power clean, shouldering a sandbag — lifting it from the floor to your shoulder in one explosive movement — requires a coordinated effort from your core, upper body, and legs."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(transitive) To place (something) against one's shoulders.\n2004,  Chris Christian, Larry Sterett, Rick Sapp,  The Gun Digest Book of Trap & Skeet Shooting, page 221:All three sets are nicely sculptured along the bottom to prevent interference when shouldering your gun with proper shooting form."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(transitive, figuratively) To bear a burden, as a financial obligation.\n1950,  Colin Arthur Cooke,  Corporation, Trust and Company: An Essay in Legal History, page 111:The shareholders were then shouldering a burden of liability out of proportion to their mere ownership of theoretical fractions of the business."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(transitive, figuratively) To accept responsibility for.\nshoulder the blame\n2022 November 15,  Hugo Lowell,  “Trump to barrel ahead with campaign reveal despite Republican pushback”, in  The Guardian‎:The former president has been forced to shoulder some of the blame for poor performances in key races, including in Pennsylvania, where his handpicked Republican candidate, Mehmet Oz, lost to Democrat John Fetterman in a contest that allowed Democrats to keep the Senate majority.\n2022 December 8,  Caroline Davies, quoting Prince Harry,  “Prince Harry: royals didn’t understand risk to Meghan of racial attacks”, in  The Guardian‎:She had a father before this and now she doesn’t have a father. And I shouldered that because if Meg wasn’t with me, then her dad would still be her dad."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(transitive) To form a shape resembling a shoulder.\n1977,  Roger W. Autor Bolz,  Production Processes: The Productivity Handbook, page 12-81:allowance at the bottom of blind bores for the chamfered tip of the reamer will obviate additional operations with shouldering or bottoming reamers to completely finish the entire length of a hole."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(intransitive) To move by or as if by using one's shoulders.\n1894 May,  Rudyard Kipling,  “Servants of the Queen”, in  The Jungle Book, London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published June 1894, →OCLC, page 190: a yoke of the great sulky white bullocks    came shouldering along together;\n2003,  Harrison E. Salisbury,  The 900 Days: The Siege of Leningrad, page 304:He had seen them in the beer halls, shouldering up to the head of the queues\n2004,  David Mitchell,  Cloud Atlas, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →ISBN, page 502:Mr. Wagstaff strolled with me along the wooded arm of land shouldering northwards from Bethlehem Bay."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(transitive) To round and slightly raise the top edges of slate shingles so that they form a tighter fit at the lower edge and can be swung aside to expose the nail."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(intransitive) To slope downwards from the crest and whitewater portion of a wave."
            },
            {
              "mean": "(transitive, archaic, slang) Of a servant: to embezzle money from (the employer)."
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "Further_reading",
          "meanlist": [
            {
              "mean": "shoulder at OneLook Dictionary Search\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw2412\nCached time: 20230401160913\nCache expiry: 1814400\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: \nCPU time usage: 0.522 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.722 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5327/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 110595/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 38294/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 14/100\nExpensive parser function count: 0/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 165/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.343/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 18440549/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00%  649.429      1 -total\n 25.04%  162.591     21 Template:no_deprecated_lang_param_usage\n 18.08%  117.418      3 Template:inh\n 17.08%  110.913     15 Template:quote-meta\n 13.11%   85.110     10 Template:quote-book\n 10.26%   66.609     19 Template:lb\n  7.77%   50.461     15 Template:quote-meta/quote\n  6.66%   43.270      6 Template:cog\n  5.21%   33.865      8 Template:t+\n  4.39%   28.491     12 Template:t\n-->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiktionary:pcache:idhash:69790-0!canonical and timestamp 20230401160913 and revision id 71331735. Rendering was triggered because: page-view\n -->\n -->\nRetrieved from \"https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=shoulderoldid=71331735\"\n\t\tCategories: English terms inherited from Middle EnglishEnglish terms derived from Middle EnglishEnglish terms inherited from Old EnglishEnglish terms derived from Old EnglishEnglish terms inherited from Proto-West GermanicEnglish terms derived from Proto-West GermanicEnglish terms derived from Proto-GermanicEnglish 2-syllable wordsEnglish terms with IPA pronunciationEnglish terms with audio linksRhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)Rhymes:English/əʊldə(ɹ)/2 syllablesEnglish lemmasEnglish nounsEnglish countable nounsEnglish terms with usage examplesEnglish terms with quotationsen:Anatomyen:Printingen:Musicen:Firearmsen:Surfingen:AviationEnglish verbsEnglish transitive verbsEnglish intransitive verbsEnglish terms with archaic sensesEnglish slangen:Cuts of meatHidden category: Requests for review of Hebrew translations\n\t\n\n\n\n\tNavigation menu\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t<h3\n\t\tid=\"p-personal-label\"\n\t\t\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-heading \"\n\t>\n\t\tPersonal tools\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\tNot logged inTalkContributionsCreate accountLog in\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<h3\n\t\tid=\"p-namespaces-label\"\n\t\t\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-heading \"\n\t>\n\t\tNamespaces\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\tEntryDiscussion\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\"\n\t\tid=\"p-variants-checkbox\"\n\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\taria-haspopup=\"true\"\n\t\tdata-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-variants\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-checkbox\"\n\t\taria-labelledby=\"p-variants-label\"\n\t/>\n\t<label\n\t\tid=\"p-variants-label\"\n\t\t aria-label=\"Change language variant\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-heading \"\n\t>\n\t\tEnglish\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<h3\n\t\tid=\"p-views-label\"\n\t\t\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-heading \"\n\t>\n\t\tViews\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\tReadEditHistory\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<input type=\"checkbox\"\n\t\tid=\"p-cactions-checkbox\"\n\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\taria-haspopup=\"true\"\n\t\tdata-event-name=\"ui.dropdown-p-cactions\"\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-checkbox\"\n\t\taria-labelledby=\"p-cactions-label\"\n\t/>\n\t<label\n\t\tid=\"p-cactions-label\"\n\t\t\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-heading \"\n\t>\n\t\tMore\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\n\t\t<form action=\"/w/index.php\" id=\"searchform\"\n\t\t\tclass=\"vector-search-box-form\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"simpleSearch\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"vector-search-box-inner\"\n\t\t\t\t data-search-loc=\"header-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t<input class=\"vector-search-box-input\"\n\t\t\t\t\t type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wiktionary\" aria-label=\"Search Wiktionary\" autocapitalize=\"none\" title=\"Search Wiktionary \" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"searchInput\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<input id=\"mw-searchButton\"\n\t\t\t\t\t class=\"searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton\" type=\"submit\" name=\"fulltext\" title=\"Search the pages for this text\" value=\"Search\">\n\t\t\t\t<input id=\"searchButton\"\n\t\t\t\t\t class=\"searchButton\" type=\"submit\" name=\"go\" title=\"Go to a page with this exact name if it exists\" value=\"Go\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\t<a class=\"mw-wiki-logo\" href=\"/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page\"\n\t\t\ttitle=\"Visit the main page\">\n\t\n\t\n\n\t<h3\n\t\tid=\"p-navigation-label\"\n\t\t\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-heading \"\n\t>\n\t\tNavigation\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\tMain PageCommunity portalPreferencesRequested entriesRecent changesRandom entryHelpGlossaryDonationsContact us\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\n\n\t<h3\n\t\tid=\"p-tb-label\"\n\t\t\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-heading \"\n\t>\n\t\tTools\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\tWhat links hereRelated changesUpload fileSpecial pagesPermanent linkPage informationCite this page\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\n\t<h3\n\t\tid=\"p-coll-print_export-label\"\n\t\t\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-heading \"\n\t>\n\t\tPrint/export\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\tCreate a bookDownload as PDFPrintable version\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\n\n\t<h3\n\t\tid=\"p-lang-label\"\n\t\t\n\t\tclass=\"vector-menu-heading \"\n\t>\n\t\tIn other languages\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\tÆngliscالعربيةAragonésAsturianuAzərbaycancaবাংলাBrezhonegCatalàČeštinaCorsuCymraegDanskDeutschEestiΕλληνικάEspañolEsperantoFrançaisFrysk한국어ՀայերենHrvatskiIdoBahasa IndonesiaItalianoಕನ್ನಡҚазақшаKiswahiliKurdîລາວLatviešuLimburgsMagyarМакедонскиമലയാളംမြန်မာဘာသာNāhuatlNederlands日本語OccitanOromooភាសាខ្មែរPolskiPortuguêsРусскийSängöShqipSimple EnglishSlovenčinaSundaSuomiSvenskaTagalogதமிழ்తెలుగుไทยTürkçeاردوTiếng Việt中文\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\t This page was last edited on 19 February 2023, at 12:10.\n\tText is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply.  By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\n\n\t\n\tPrivacy policy\n\tAbout Wiktionary\n\tDisclaimers\n\tMobile view\n\tDevelopers\n\tStatistics\n\tCookie statement\n\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\n\n\n\n(RLQ=window.RLQ||).push(function(){mw.config.set({\"wgHostname\":\"mw2311\",\"wgBackendResponseTime\":73,\"wgPageParseReport\":{\"limitreport\":{\"cputime\":\"0.522\",\"walltime\":\"0.722\",\"ppvisitednodes\":{\"value\":5327,\"limit\":1000000},\"postexpandincludesize\":{\"value\":110595,\"limit\":2097152},\"templateargumentsize\":{\"value\":38294,\"limit\":2097152},\"expansiondepth\":{\"value\":14,\"limit\":100},\"expensivefunctioncount\":{\"value\":0,\"limit\":500},\"unstrip-depth\":{\"value\":0,\"limit\":20},\"unstrip-size\":{\"value\":165,\"limit\":5000000},\"entityaccesscount\":{\"value\":0,\"limit\":400},\"timingprofile\":},\"scribunto\":{\"limitreport-timeusage\":{\"value\":\"0.343\",\"limit\":\"10.000\"},\"limitreport-memusage\":{\"value\":18440549,\"limit\":52428800}},\"cachereport\":{\"origin\":\"mw2412\",\"timestamp\":\"20230401160913\",\"ttl\":1814400,\"transientcontent\":false}}});});"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "meanskor": {
      "etymologies": [
        ""
      ],
      "typelist": [
        {
          "name": "명사",
          "meanlist": [
            {
              "mean": "",
              "submean": [
                "",
                "",
                "",
                ""
              ]
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": "",
              "submean": [
                "",
                "",
                "",
                "",
                ""
              ]
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": "",
              "submean": [
                "",
                "",
                ""
              ]
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "동사.",
          "meanlist": [
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            },
            {
              "mean": ""
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "추가_판독",
          "meanlist": [
            {
              "mean": ""
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}